2012年3月5日 星期一

Latin Verb Grammar: 4th Conjugation

4th Conjugation: ends in -íre with an accent on the "í"

audio, audíre, audívi, audítus

Present
Active
audio (I hear)
audis
audit
audimus
auditis
audiunt

Passive
audior (I am heard)
audíris
audítur
audímur
audímini
audiuntur



Imperfect
Active
audiebam (I was hearing)
audiebas
audiebat
audiebamus
audiebatis
audiebant

Passive
audiebar (I was being heard)
audiebaris
audiebatur
audiebamur
audiebamini
audiebantur



Perfect
Active
audivi (I heard)
audivisti
audivit
audivimus
audivistis
audiverunt

Passive
audítus sum (I was heard)
audítus es
audítus est
audíti sumus
audíti estis
audíti sunt

Latin Verb Grammar: 3rd Conjugation

3rd Conjugation: ends in -ere with NO accent on the "e"; its first-person active ends with an -o

lego, légere, legi, lectus

Present
Active
lego (I read)
legis
legit
legimus
legitis
legunt

Passive
legor (I am read)
legeris
legitur
legimur
legimini
leguntur



Imperfect
Active
legebam (I was reading)
legebas
legebat
legebamus
legebatis
legebant

Passive
legebar (I was being read)
legebaris
legebatur
legebamur
legebamini
legebantur



Perfect
Active
legi (I read [in the past])
legisti
legit
legimus
legistis
legerunt

Passive
lectus sum (I was read)
lectus es
lectus est
lecti sumus
lecti estis
lecti sunt

Latin Verb Grammar: 3rd-io Conjugation

3rd-io Conjugation: ends in -ere with NO accent on the "e"; its first-person active ends with an -io


capio, cápere, cepi, captus

Present
Active
capio (I take)
capis
capit
capimus
capitis
capiunt

Passive
capior (I am taken)
capéris
capitur
capimur
capimini
capiuntur



Imperfect
Active
capiébam (I was taking)
capiébas
capiébat
capiébamus
capiébatis
capiébant

Passive
capiebar (I was being taken)
capiebaris
capiebatur
capiebamur
capiebamini
capiebantur



Perfect
Active
cepi (I took)
cepisti
cepit
cepimus
cepistis
ceperent

Passive
captus sum (I was taken)
captus es
captus est
capti sumus
capti estis
capti sunt

Latin Verb Grammar: 2nd Conjugation

2nd Conjugation: ends in -ére with an accent on the "é"; its first-person active also ends with an -eo


teneo, tenére, tenui, tentus

Present
Active
teneo (I hold)
tenes
tenet
tenémus
tenétis
tenent

Passive
teneor (I am held)
teneris
tenetur
tenemur
tenemini
tenentur



Imperfect
Active
tenébam (I was holding)
tenébas
tenébat
tenébamus
tenébatis
tenébant

Passive
tenébar (I was being held)
tenébaris
tenébatur
tenébamur
tenébamini
tenébantur



Perfect
Active
tenui (I held)
tenuisti
tenuit
tenuimus
tenuistis
tenuerunt

Passive
tentus sum (I was held)
tentus es
tentus est
tenti sumus
tenti estis
tenti sunt

Latin Verb Grammar: 1st Conjugation

Well, I have nothing to do, so I guess I'll just write down what I know about verbs.

1st Conjugation: ends in -áre with an accent on the "á"

clamo, clamáre, clamavi, clamatus

Present
Active
clamo (I yell)
clamas
clamat
clamamus
clamatis
clamant

Passive
clamor (I am yelled at)
clamaris
clamatur
clamamur
clamamini
clamantur



Imperfect
Active
clamabam (I was yelling)
clamabas
clamabat
clamabamus
clamabatis
clamabant

Passive
clamabar (I was being yelled at)
clamabaris
clamabatur
clamabamur
clamabamini
clamabantur



Perfect
Active
clamavi (I yelled)
clamavisti
clamavit
clamavimus
clamavistis
clamaverunt

Passive
clamatus sum (I was yelled at)
clamatus es
clamatus est
clamati sumus
clamati estis
clamati sunt

※Note: In perfect passive, you can also use variations of clamatus depending on the gender you're talking about.
For example:
If you were a dog (canis, which is masculinum), "I was yelled at" would be "clamatus sum".
If you were a bird (avis, which is femininum), "I was yelled at" would be "clamata sum".
If you were a necklace (monile, which is neuter), "I was yelled at" would be "clamatum sum".

The same goes for plural:
If we were dogs, "we were yelled at" would be "clamati sumus".
If we were birds, "we were yelled at" would be "clamatae sumus".
If we were necklaces, "we were yelled at" would be "clamati sumus".